Location: Northern Africa, bordering the Red
Sea, between Egypt and Eritrea
Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N, 30 00 E
Map references: Africa
Area:
total: 2,505,810 sq km
land: 2.376 million sq km
water: 129,810 sq km
Area—comparative: slightly more than
one-quarter the size of the US
Land boundaries:
total: 7,687 km
border countries: Central African Republic 1,165 km,
Chad 1,360 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 628
km, Egypt 1,273 km, Eritrea 605 km, Ethiopia 1,606
km, Kenya 232 km, Libya 383 km, Uganda 435 km
Coastline: 853 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 18 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of
exploitation
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical in south; arid desert in
north; rainy season (April to October)
Terrain: generally flat, featureless
plain; mountains in east and west
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Red Sea 0 m
highest point: Kinyeti 3,187 m
Natural resources: petroleum; small
reserves of iron ore, copper, chromium ore, zinc,
tungsten, mica, silver, gold
Land use:
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 46%
forests and woodland: 19%
other: 30% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 19,460 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: dust storms
Environment—current issues: inadequate
supplies of potable water; wildlife populations
threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion;
desertification
Environment—international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea,
Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected
agreements
Geography—note: largest country in Africa;
dominated by the Nile and its tributaries
Population: 34,475,690 (July 1999 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 45% (male 7,941,909; female 7,614,225)
15-64 years: 53% (male 9,094,712; female 9,061,194)
65 years and over: 2% (male 423,389; female 340,261)
(1999 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.71% (1999 est.)
Birth rate: 39.34 births/1,000 population
(1999 est.)
Death rate: 10.6 deaths/1,000 population
(1999 est.)
Net migration rate: -1.68 migrant(s)/1,000
population (1999 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.24 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (1999 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 70.94 deaths/1,000
live births (1999 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 56.4 years
male: 55.41 years
female: 57.44 years (1999 est.)
Total fertility rate: 5.58 children
born/woman (1999 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Sudanese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sudanese |